推拉

总览

推拉式并非是最简单的集成方法，但它是最可靠的方法，这就是为什么我们推荐实施这种方法，尤其是当您处理大量数据时。

推拉式是一种异步集成方法。这意味着，提交作业后，我们将迅速返回一个包含作业信息（所有提交的作业参数和作业 ID，以及用于下载结果和检查作业状态的 URL）的 JSON。通过这种集成方法，作业提交过程完全独立于下载结果。

在我们处理完您的作业之后，如果您在提交作业时提供了一个 回调 URL，我们将 POST 一个包含更新作业信息的 JSON 有效载荷（包括作业的 status 设置为 done）到您的服务器。此时，您可以继续从我们的系统中下载结果。我们将结果保留在完成后至少 24 小时 内可供检索。

通过推拉式，您可以将您的结果直接上传到您的云存储 （AWS S3 或 Google 云存储）。

注意：如果您不想麻烦地设置一个接受传入回调通知的服务，则可以尝试每隔几秒钟就得到您的结果（这个概念叫做 轮询）.

您也可以尝试通过 Postman 了解推拉式的工作原理。

单一作业

描述

下面这个端点只接受一个 query 或 url 值。

端点

POST https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries

输入

您必须以 JSON 有效载荷发送您的作业参数，如以下代码示例所示:

cURL

curl --user user:pass1 \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries' \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
 -d '{"source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE", "url": "https://www.example.com", "geo_location": "United States", "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url", "storage_type": "s3", "storage_url": "s3://your.storage.bucket.url"}'

Python

import requests
from pprint import pprint


# Structure payload.
payload = {
    "source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE", # Source you choose e.g. "universal"
    "url": "https://www.example.com", # Check speficic source if you should use "url" or "query"
    "geo_location": "United States", # Some sources accept zip-code or cooprdinates
    #"render" : "html", # Uncomment you want to render JavaScript within the page
    #"parse" : true, # Check what sources support parsed data
    #"callback_url": "https://your.callback.url", #required if using callback listener
    "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
    "storage_type": "s3", 
    "storage_url": "s3://your.storage.bucket.url"
}

# Get response.
response = requests.request(
    'POST',
    'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries',
    auth=('YOUR_USERNAME', 'YOUR_PASSWORD'), #Your credentials go here
    json=payload,
)

# Print prettified response to stdout.
pprint(response.json())

PHP

<?php

$params = array(
    'source' => 'ENTER_SOURCE_HERE', //Source you choose e.g. "universal"
    'url' => 'https://www.example.com', // Check speficic source if you should use "url" or "query"
    'geo_location' => 'United States', //Some sources accept zip-code or cooprdinates
    //'render' : 'html', // Uncomment you want to render JavaScript within the page
    //'parse' : TRUE, // Check what sources support parsed data
    //'callback_url' => 'https://your.callback.url', //required if using callback listener
    'callback_url': 'https://your.callback.url',
    'storage_type' => 's3',
    'storage_url' => 's3://your.storage.bucket.url'
);

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($params));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "YOUR_USERNAME" . ":" . "YOUR_PASSWORD"); //Your credentials go here

$headers = array();
$headers[] = "Content-Type: application/json";
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

C#

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Json;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>()
            {
                { "source", "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE" },
                { "url", "https://example.com" },
                { "geo_location", "United States" },
                { "callback_url", "https://your.callback.url" },
            };


            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "/v1/queries");
            requestMessage.Content = JsonContent.Create(parameters);

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	payload := map[string]string{
		"source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE",
		"url": "https://example.com",
		"geo_location": "United States",
		"callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
	}

	jsonValue, _ := json.Marshal(payload)

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("POST",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries",
		bytes.NewBuffer(jsonValue),
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;
import org.json.JSONObject;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("source", "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE");
        jsonObject.put("url", "https://example.com");
        jsonObject.put("geo_location", "United States");
        jsonObject.put("callback_url", "https://your.callback.url");

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        var body = RequestBody.create(jsonObject.toString(), mediaType);
        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries")
                .post(body)
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const body = {
  source: 'ENTER_SOURCE_HERE',
  url: 'https://www.example.com',
  geo_location: 'United States',
  callback_url: 'https://your.callback.url',
};
const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries', {
  method: 'post',
  body: JSON.stringify(body),
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

API 将响应一个包含作业信息的 JSON，具体如下：

{
  "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
  "client_id": 5,
  "context": [
    {
      "key": "results_language",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "safe_search",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "tbm",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "cr",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "filter",
      "value": null
    }
  ],
  "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
  "domain": "com",
  "geo_location": "United States",
  "id": "12345678900987654321",
  "limit": 10,
  "locale": null,
  "pages": 1,
  "parse": false,
  "render": null,
  "url": "https://www.example.com",
  "source": "universal",
  "start_page": 1,
  "status": "pending",
  "storage_type": "s3",
  "storage_url": "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME/12345678900987654321.json",
  "subdomain": "www",
  "updated_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
  "user_agent_type": "desktop",
  "_links": [
    {
      "rel": "self",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321",
      "method": "GET"
    },
    {
      "rel": "results",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
      "method": "GET"
    }
  ]
}

检查作业状态

描述

如果您在提交作业时包含一个有效的 callback_url 值。完成作业后，我们将POST 一个 JSON 有效载荷到您指定的回调 URL。JSON 有效载荷将表明作业已经完成，其状态设置为done。

然而，如果您提交的作业没有callback_url，则可以自己检查作业状态。要做到这一点，使用 rel:self 中的 href URL，取自您提交作业后收到的响应信息。

检查作业状态的 URL 看起来与此类似：http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321。查询这个 URL 将返回作业信息，包括其status。

可能的 status 值共有 3 种：

参数	描述
pending	该作业仍在处理中，尚未完成。
done	作业完成后，您可以通过查询rel:results中的href URL 来检索结果，例如http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results。
faulted	作业中出现了问题，我们无法完成。您不需要为任何错误作业负责。

端点

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{id}

输入

cURL

curl --user user:pass1 \
'http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321'

Python

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# Get response from stats endpoint.
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# Print prettified JSON response to stdout.
pprint(response.json())

PHP

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

C#

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Json;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string JobId = "12345678900987654321";
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, $"/v1/queries/{JobId}");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const JobId = "12345678900987654321"
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		fmt.Sprintf("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s", JobId),
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    private static final String JOB_ID = "12345678900987654321";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(String.format("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s", JOB_ID))
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const jobId = '12345678900987654321';
const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch(`https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/${jobId}`, {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

{
  "client_id": 5,
  "context": [
    {
      "key": "results_language",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "safe_search",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "tbm",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "cr",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "filter",
      "value": null
    }
  ],
  "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
  "domain": "com",
  "geo_location": null,
  "id": "12345678900987654321",
  "limit": 10,
  "locale": null,
  "pages": 1,
  "parse": false,
  "render": null,
  "query": "adidas",
  "source": "google_shopping_search",
  "start_page": 1,
  "status": "done",
  "subdomain": "www",
  "updated_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:15",
  "user_agent_type": "desktop",
  "_links": [
    {
      "rel": "self",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321",
      "method": "GET"
    },
    {
      "rel": "results",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
      "method": "GET"
    }
  ]
}

API 将通过在响应主体中打印 JSON 格式响应查询信息。请注意，作业状态已被改变为status。您现在可以通过向 http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results 发送查询来检索内容。您还可以看到，该作业 updated_at 2019-10-01 00:00:15 - 作业花了 14 秒完成。

检索作业内容

描述

在知道可以准备检索作业后，您便可使用作业信息响应 rel:results 中的 href URL 来进行 GET。结果链接看起来像这样：http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results。

通过设置回调 服务，无需定期检查作业状态即可自动检索结果 。要做到这一点，在提交作业时指定一个能够接受传入 HTTP 请求的服务器的 URL。当我们的系统完成作业时，它将寄送 一个 JSON 有效载荷到所提供的 URL，而回调服务将下载结果，正如在回调执行示例所示。

端点

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{id}/results

输入

以下代码示例展示了如何使用/results端点。

cURL

curl --user user:pass1 \
'http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results'

Python

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# Get response from stats endpoint.
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# Print prettified JSON response to stdout.
pprint(response.json())

PHP

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

C#

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string JobId = "12345678900987654321";
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, $"/v1/queries/{JobId}/results");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const JobId = "12345678900987654321"
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		fmt.Sprintf("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s/results", JobId),
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    private static final String JOB_ID = "12345678900987654321";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(String.format("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s/results", JOB_ID))
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const jobId = '12345678900987654321';
const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch(`https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/${jobId}/results`, {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

下面的 JSON 文件包含了一个 /results 端点的响应示例：

{
  "results": [
    {
      "content": "<!doctype html><html>
        CONTENT      
      </html>",
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "updated_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:15",
      "page": 1,
      "url": "https://www.google.com/search?q=adidas&hl=en&gl=US",
      "job_id": "12345678900987654321",
      "status_code": 200
    }
  ]
}

回调

该回调是一个我们向您的机器发送的 POST 请求，通知您数据提取任务已经完成，并提供一个 URL 来下载抓取的内容。这意味着，您不再需要手动检查作业状态 。一旦数据到手，我们会通知您，您现在需要做的就是进行检索 。请查看 Python 和 PHP 的代码样本。

Python

# This is a simple Sanic web server with a route listening for callbacks on localhost:8080.
# It will print job results to stdout.
import requests
from pprint import pprint
from sanic import Sanic, response


AUTH_TUPLE = ('user', 'pass1')

app = Sanic()


# Define /job_listener endpoint that accepts POST requests.
@app.route('/job_listener', methods=['POST'])
async def job_listener(request):
    try:
        res = request.json
        links = res.get('_links', [])
        for link in links:
            if link['rel'] == 'results':
                # Sanic is async, but requests are synchronous, to fully take
                # advantage of Sanic, use aiohttp.
                res_response = requests.request(
                    method='GET',
                    url=link['href'],
                    auth=AUTH_TUPLE,
                )
                pprint(res_response.json())
                break
    except Exception as e:
        print("Listener exception: {}".format(e))
    return response.json(status=200, body={'status': 'ok'})


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080)

PHP

<?php
$stdout = fopen('php://stdout', 'w');

if (isset($_POST)) {
    $result = array_merge($_POST, (array) json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input')));

    $ch = curl_init();

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/".$result['id'].'/results');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    fwrite($stdout, $result);

    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
    }
    curl_close ($ch);
}
?>

C#

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;

namespace OxyApiWeb
{
    public class Callback
    {
        public Link[] _links { get; set; }
    }

    public class Link
    {
        public string rel { get; set; }
        public string href { get; set; }
    }

    public class Startup
    {
        private const string USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
        private const string PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;

            client = new HttpClient();
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        private HttpClient client;

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapPost("/job_listener", async context =>
                {
                    var callback = await System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync<Callback>(context.Request.Body);

                    foreach (var link in callback._links)
                    {
                        if (link.rel != "results")
                        {
                            continue;
                        }

                        var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, new Uri(link.href));

                        var authenticationString = $"{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}";
                        var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
                        requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

                        var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
                        var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

                        Console.WriteLine(contents);

                    }

                    var okMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>()
                    {
                        { "message", "ok" }
                    };

                    await System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(context.Response.Body, okMessage);
                });
            });
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

type Callback struct {
	Links []Link `json:"_links"`
}

type Link struct {
	Href string `json:"href"`
	Method string `json:"method"`
	Rel string `json:"rel"`
}

func main() {
	echoServer := echo.New()
	client := &http.Client{}

	echoServer.POST("/job_listener", func(context echo.Context) error {
		callback := new(Callback)
		if err := context.Bind(callback); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		for _, link := range callback.Links {
			if link.Rel != "results" {
				continue
			}

			request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
				link.Href,
				nil,
			)

			request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
			request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
			response, _ := client.Do(request)

			responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
			fmt.Println(string(responseText))
		}
		return context.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string { "status": "ok" })
	})

	echoServer.Logger.Fatal(echoServer.Start(":8080"))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        HttpServer server = null;
        try {
            server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0", 8080), 0);
        } catch (IOException exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        server.createContext("/job_listener", exchange -> {
            var requestBody = IOUtils.toString(exchange.getRequestBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            JSONObject requestJson = new JSONObject(requestBody);
            JSONArray links = requestJson.getJSONArray("_links");
            for (var link : links.toList()) {
                var linkMap = (Map<?, ?>)link;
                if (!Objects.equals(linkMap.get("rel"), "results")) {
                    continue;
                }

                var request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url((String) linkMap.get("href"))
                        .get()
                        .build();

                try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
                    assert response.body() != null;
                    System.out.println(response.body().string());
                } catch (Exception exception) {
                    System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
                }
            }

            var responseJson = new JSONObject();
            responseJson.put("status", "ok");
            exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, responseJson.toString().length());

            OutputStream responseBody = exchange.getResponseBody();
            responseBody.write(responseJson.toString().getBytes());
            responseBody.flush();
            responseBody.close();

            exchange.close();
        });
        server.setExecutor(null);
        server.start();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import express from 'express'
import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';

const app = express();
app.use(express.json());

app.post('/job_listener', async(request, response) => {
  for (const index in request.body._links) {
    const link = request.body._links[index];
    if (link.rel !== 'results') {
      continue;
    }

    const jobResultResponse = await fetch(link.href, {
      method: 'get',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
      }
    });

    console.log(await jobResultResponse.json());
  }

  response.send({status: 'ok'});
});

app.listen(8080);

样例回调输出

{  
   "created_at":"2019-10-01 00:00:01",
   "updated_at":"2019-10-01 00:00:15",
   "locale":null,
   "client_id":163,
   "user_agent_type":"desktop",
   "source":"google_shopping_search",
   "pages":1,
   "subdomain":"www",
   "status":"done",
   "start_page":1,
   "parse":0,
   "render":null,
   "priority":0,
   "ttl":0,
   "origin":"api",
   "persist":true,
   "id":"12345678900987654321",
   "callback_url":"http://your.callback.url/",
   "query":"adidas",
   "domain":"com",
   "limit":10,
   "geo_location":null,
   {...}
   "_links":[
      {  
         "href":"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321",
         "method":"GET",
         "rel":"self"
      },
      {  
         "href":"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
         "method":"GET",
         "rel":"results"
      }
   ],
}

批量查询

描述

爬虫API 支持在单批请求中提交多达 1,000 个 query 或 url 参数值。

该系统将把每项 query 或 url 都作为一个单独作业来处理。如果您提供一个回调 URL，则将获得每个关键词的单独调用。否则，我们的初始响应将包含所有关键词的作业 id。例如，如果您发送了 50 个关键词，我们将返 50 个独特的作业 id。

重要事项：通过 /batch 端点，您只能提交query或url参数值的列表（取决于您使用的 source)。所有其他参数都应该有单数值。

端点

POST https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch

输入

您必须将查询参数作为 JSON 有效载荷发布。下面列出了提交批量作业的方式:

cURL

curl --user user:pass1 \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '@keywords.json'

Python

import requests
import json
from pprint import pprint


# Get payload from file.
with open('keywords.json', 'r') as f:
    payload = json.loads(f.read())

response = requests.request(
    'POST',
    'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
    json=payload,
)

# Print prettified response.
pprint(response.json())

PHP

<?php

$paramsFile = file_get_contents(realpath("keywords.json"));
$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $paramsFile);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$headers = array();
$headers[] = "Content-Type: application/json";
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

C#

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";


            var content = File.ReadAllText(@"C:\path\to\keywords.json");
                
            var client = new HttpClient();

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch"));
            requestMessage.Content = new StringContent(content, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");


            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	content, err := os.ReadFile("keywords.json")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("POST",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch",
		bytes.NewBuffer(content),
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Path filePath = Path.of("/path/to/keywords.json");
        String jsonContent = null;
        try {
            jsonContent = Files.readString(filePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        var body = RequestBody.create(jsonContent, mediaType);
        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch")
                .post(body)
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';
import fs from 'fs'

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';

const payload = fs.readFileSync('keywords.json').toString();

const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch', {
  method: 'post',
  body: payload,
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

您可能注意到，以上代码示例没有解释 JSON 有效载荷的格式化方式，而是指出了一个预先制作的 JSON 文件。下面是 keywords.json 文件的内容，其中包含多个 query 参数值：

{  
   "query":[  
      "adidas",
      "nike",
      "reebok"
   ],
   "source": "google_shopping_search",
   "domain": "com",
   "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url"
}

...而这里有一个keywords.json 批量输入文件，包含多个 URL：

{  
   "url":[  
      "https://example.com/url1.html",
      "https://example.com/url2.html",
      "https://example.com/url3.html"
   ],
   "source": "universal",
   "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url"
}

响应

API 将响应一个 JSON 对象，其中包含每项所创建作业的信息。回复类似于以下：

{
  "queries": [
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "domain": "com",
      "id": "12345678900987654321",
      {...}
      "query": "adidas",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
      {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "domain": "com",
      "id": "12345678901234567890",
      {...}
      "query": "nike",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
      {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678901234567890/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "domain": "com",
      "id": "01234567899876543210",
	  {...}
      "query": "reebok",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
	  {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/01234567899876543210/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

获取通知程序 IP 地址列表

描述

您可能想把向您发送回调信息的 IP 列入白名单，或为其他目的获得这些 IP 的列表。通过GET 这个端点即可：

端点

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips

输入

以下代码示例展示了如何访问 /callbacker_ips 端点：

cURL

curl --user user:pass1 \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips'

Python

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# Get response from the callback IPs endpoint.
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# Print prettified JSON response to stdout.
pprint(response.json())

PHP

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

C#

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "/v1/info/callbacker_ips");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Golang

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips",
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

Java

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips")
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips', {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

API 将返回向您的系统发出回调请求的 IP 列表。

{
    "ips": [
        "x.x.x.x",
        "y.y.y.y"
    ]
}

上传到云存储器

描述

爬虫 API 作业结果存储在我们的存储库中。如上所述，您可以通过 GET /results 端点而从我们的存储中获得您的结果。

作为一种选择，我们可以将结果上传到您的云存储中。这样，您就不必发出额外请求来获取结果 - 所有内容都直接转到您的存储桶。

目前，我们支持 Amazon S3和 Google 云存储。如果您想使用不同存储类型，请联系您的客户经理以讨论功能交付时间表。

上传路径看起来像这样：YOUR_BUCKET_NAME/job_ID.json.您可以在提交作业后从我们收到的回复中找到作业 ID。在这个示例 中，作业 ID 是12345678900987654321。

参数值

参数	描述	有效值
storage_type	您的云存储类型。	s3(AWS S3)；gcs（Google 云存储）。
storage_url	您的云存储桶名称。	任何 s3 或 gcs 云存储桶名称。

Amazon S3

To get your job results uploaded to your Amazon S3 bucket, please set up access permissions for our service. To do that, go to https://s3.console.aws.amazon.com/ > S3 > Storage > Bucket Name (if don't have one, create a new one) > Permissions > Bucket Policy

要将您的作业结果上传到您的 Amazon S3 桶，请为我们的服务设置访问权限。要做到这一点，请进入https://s3.console.aws.amazon.com/ > S3 > Storage > Bucket Name（如果没有，就创建一个新的桶）> Permissions > Bucket Policy

您可以在以下随附的桶策略或在代码示例区找到。

774B

s3_bucket_policy.json

不要忘记在 YOUR_BUCKET_NAME 下修改桶的名称。这项策略允许我们写到您的桶，让您访问上传的文件，并知道桶的位置。

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Id": "Policy1577442634787",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "Stmt1577442633719",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {
                "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::324311890426:user/oxylabs.s3.uploader"
            },
            "Action": "s3:GetBucketLocation",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
        },
        {
            "Sid": "Stmt1577442633719",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {
                "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::324311890426:user/oxylabs.s3.uploader"
            },
            "Action": [
                "s3:PutObject",
                "s3:PutObjectAcl"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::YOUR_BUCKET_NAME/*"
        }
    ]
}

Google Cloud Storage

为了将您的作业结果上传到您的 Google 云存储桶，请为我们的服务设置特殊权限。要做到这一点，请用 storage.objects.create 权限创建一个自定义角色，并将其分配给 Oxylabs 服务账户的电子邮件 [e-mail].

Scheduler

Scheduler 是一项服务，您可以用来安排经常性抓取作业。

它扩展了推拉式集成的功能，最好与上传至存储器功能一起使用。

访问“Scheduler”部分 以了解如何使用这一功能。

page任务管家 (Scheduler)