发起请求

学习如何通过网页解锁器构建请求，以改善网页访问并提高抓取成功率。

最简单的开始方式是发送一个不带自定义选项的简单查询。我们会在服务端添加所有标准请求头，选择最快的代理，并返回响应正文。

curl -k -x https://unblock.oxylabs.io:60000 \
-U 'USERNAME:PASSWORD' \
'https://ip.oxylabs.io/location'

如果您观察到成功率较低或获取到空内容，请尝试添加额外的 "x-oxylabs-render: html" 请求头。有关 JavaScript 渲染的更多信息可以在 这里.

要利用附加功能 网页解锁器，例如设置代理位置或在连续几次请求中复用同一 IP，请随请求发送额外的请求头。

为了实现最佳的网站解锁，网页解锁器采用预定义的 Cookie、请求头和会话。请 避免发送任何通常用于提升数据可访问性的自定义参数，因为它们可能会干扰网页解锁器获取高质量数据的能力。

以下是支持的全部功能和请求头：

附加功能

参数	描述	阅读更多链接
X-Oxylabs-Session-Id	如果你想在多个请求中复用同一个 IP，请添加一个会话 ID，它可以是任意随机字符字符串。	会话
X-Oxylabs-Geo-Location	要使用来自特定位置的 IP 地址，请指定一个国家或城市，例如德国。你可以查看支持的地理位置值 这里.	地理位置
x-oxylabs-force-headers: 1	如果你想发送自定义标头，请在提交请求时使用 x-oxylabs-force-headers: 1 标头。	标头
x-oxylabs-force-Cookie: 1	例如，您可以添加您的 Cookie， Cookie: NID=1234567890，到您的请求中。	Cookie
X-Oxylabs-Successful-Status-Codes	如果您的目标网站在成功响应时返回非标准状态码，您可以发送该响应状态码，我们的系统将不会重试该请求。	自定义状态码
X-Oxylabs-Render	如果您想渲染 JavaScript，请使用 html 以获取渲染后的 HTML，或者使用 png 以获取页面截图。	JavaScript 渲染

有关更高级的代码示例，请参阅上方表格中链接的各个功能页面。

代码示例

cURL

curl -k -x https://unblock.oxylabs.io:60000 \
-U 'USERNAME:PASSWORD' \
'https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers'

Python

import requests

# 在此使用你的网页解锁器凭据。
USERNAME, PASSWORD = 'YOUR_USERNAME', 'YOUR_PASSWORD'

# 定义代理字典。
代理 = {
  'http': f'http://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@unblock.oxylabs.io:60000',
  'https': f'https://{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}@unblock.oxylabs.io:60000',
}

response = requests.request(
    'GET',
    'https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers',
    verify=False,  # 忽略 SSL 证书
    代理=代理,
)

# Print result page to stdout
print(response.text)

# Save returned HTML to result.html file
with open('result.html', 'w') as f:
    f.write(response.text)

Node.js

import fetch from 'node-fetch';
import { HttpsProxyAgent } from 'https-proxy-agent';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';

const agent = new HttpsProxyAgent(
  `https://${username}:${password}@unblock.oxylabs.io:60000`
);

// 忽略证书
process.env['NODE_TLS_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED'] = 0;

const response = await fetch('https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers', {
  method: 'get',
  agent: agent,
});

console.log(await response.text());

PHP

<?php
$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXY, 'https://unblock.oxylabs.io:60000');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD, 'YOUR_USERNAME' . ':' . 'YOUR_PASSWORD');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo '错误:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close($ch);

Go语言

package main

import (
	"crypto/tls"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	proxyUrl, _ := url.Parse(
		fmt.Sprintf(
			"https://%s:[e-mail]:60000",
			Username,
			Password,
		),
	)
	customTransport := &http.Transport{Proxy: http.ProxyURL(proxyUrl)}

	// 忽略证书
	customTransport.TLSClientConfig = &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true}

	client := &http.Client{Transport: customTransport}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		"https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers",
		nil,
	)

	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

C#

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var webProxy = new WebProxy
            {
                Address = new Uri("https://unblock.oxylabs.io:60000"),
                BypassProxyOnLocal = false,
                UseDefaultCredentials = false,

                Credentials = new NetworkCredential(
                userName: "YOUR_USERNAME",
                password: "YOUR_PASSWORD"
                )
            };

            var httpClientHandler = new HttpClientHandler
            {
                Proxy = webProxy,
            };

            // 忽略证书
            httpClientHandler.ClientCertificateOptions = ClientCertificateOption.Manual;
            httpClientHandler.ServerCertificateCustomValidationCallback =
                (httpRequestMessage, cert, cetChain, policyErrors) =>
                {
                    return true;
                };


            var client = new HttpClient(handler: httpClientHandler, disposeHandler: true);

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://ip.oxylabs.io/headers");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "");

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

Java

package org.example;

import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.auth.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.classic.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.auth.CredentialsProviderBuilder;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.HttpClients;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.io.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManagerBuilder;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactoryBuilder;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.ssl.TrustAllStrategy;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.io.entity.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.message.StatusLine;
import org.apache.hc.core5.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Properties;


public class Main {

    public static void main(final String[] args)throws Exception {
        final CredentialsProvider credsProvider = CredentialsProviderBuilder.create()
                .add(new AuthScope("unblock.oxylabs.io", 60000), "USERNAME", "PASSWORD".toCharArray())
                .build();
        final HttpHost target = new HttpHost("https", "ip.oxylabs.io", 443);
        final HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("https", "unblock.oxylabs.io", 60000);
        try (final CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
                .setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credsProvider)
                .setProxy(proxy)
                // 我们建议接受我们的证书，而不是允许不安全的 (http) 流量
                .setConnectionManager(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManagerBuilder.create()
                        .setSSLSocketFactory(SSLConnectionSocketFactoryBuilder.create()
                                .setSslContext(SSLContextBuilder.create()
                                        .loadTrustMaterial(TrustAllStrategy.INSTANCE)
                                        .build())
                                .setHostnameVerifier(NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE)
                                .build())
                        .build())
                .build()) {

            final RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom()
                    .build();
            final HttpGet request = new HttpGet("/headers");
            request.setConfig(config);

            System.out.println("Executing request " + request.getMethod() + " " + request.getUri() +
                    " via " + proxy + " headers: " + Arrays.toString(request.getHeaders()));

            httpclient.execute(target, request, response -> {
                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
                System.out.println(request + "->" + new StatusLine(response));
                EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                return null;
            });
        }
    }
}