Push-Pull

了解 Oxylabs 网页爬虫API 的 Push-Pull 集成方式。提交任务后，稍后使用 JSON 格式数据轮询结果端点。

Push-Pull 是我们推荐的集成方式，适合可靠地处理大量数据。

请访问 Oxylabs 的 GitHub 仓库，查看一个完整可运行的示例，内容为 Python 中的 Push-Pull 集成.

Push-Pull 是一种异步集成方式。提交任务后，你会立即收到一个 JSON 响应，其中包含所有任务详情，包括任务参数、ID，以及用于下载结果和检查状态的 URL。任务处理完成后，我们将通过一个 JSON 发送到你服务器的有效负载，如果你提供了一个回调 URL。结果在完成后可保留供检索 至少 24 小时 。

使用 Push-Pull，你可以将结果直接上传到你的 云存储 （Google Cloud Storage、AWS S3、Alibaba Cloud OSS，或其他兼容 S3 的存储）。

如果你不想为接收回调通知设置服务，也可以直接定期检索结果（轮询).

你也可以使用以下工具了解 Push-Pull 的工作方式： Postman.

单任务

端点

此端点只接受单个 query 或 URL 值分隔。

POST https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries

输入

请按照下面示例，将任务参数放在 JSON 有效负载中。Python 和 PHP 示例包含注释以便说明。

curl --user "user:pass1" \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries' \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
 -d '{"source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE", "url": "https://www.example.com", "geo_location": "United States", "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url", "storage_type": "s3", "storage_url": "s3://your.storage.bucket.url"}'

import requests
from pprint import pprint


# Structure payload.
payload = {
    "source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE", # Source you choose e.g. "universal"
    "url": "https://www.example.com", # Check speficic source if you should use "url" or "query"
    "geo_location": "United States", # Some sources accept zip-code or cooprdinates
    #"render" : "html", # Uncomment you want to render JavaScript within the page
    #"render" : "png", # Uncomment if you want to take a screenshot of a scraped web page
    #"parse" : true, # Check what sources support parsed data
    #"callback_url": "https://your.callback.url", #required if using callback listener
    "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
    "storage_type": "s3", 
    "storage_url": "s3://your.storage.bucket.url"
}

# Get response.
response = requests.request(
    'POST',
    'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries',
    auth=('YOUR_USERNAME', 'YOUR_PASSWORD'), #Your credentials go here
    json=payload,
)

# Print prettified response to stdout.
pprint(response.json())

<?php

$params = array(
    'source' => 'ENTER_SOURCE_HERE', //Source you choose e.g. "universal"
    'url' => 'https://www.example.com', // Check speficic source if you should use "url" or "query"
    'geo_location' => 'United States', //Some sources accept zip-code or cooprdinates
    //'render' : 'html', // Uncomment you want to render JavaScript within the page
    //'render' : 'png', // Uncomment if you want to take a screenshot of a scraped web page
    //'parse' : TRUE, // Check what sources support parsed data
    //'callback_url' => 'https://your.callback.url', //required if using callback listener
    'callback_url': 'https://your.callback.url',
    'storage_type' => 's3',
    'storage_url' => 's3://your.storage.bucket.url'
);

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($params));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "YOUR_USERNAME" . ":" . "YOUR_PASSWORD"); //Your credentials go here

$headers = array();
$headers[] = "Content-Type: application/json";
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Json;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>()
            {
                { "source", "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE" },
                { "url", "https://example.com" },
                { "geo_location", "United States" },
                { "callback_url", "https://your.callback.url" },
            };


            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "/v1/queries");
            requestMessage.Content = JsonContent.Create(parameters);

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	payload := map[string]string{
		"source": "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE",
		"url": "https://example.com",
		"geo_location": "United States",
		"callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
	}

	jsonValue, _ := json.Marshal(payload)

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("POST",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries",
		bytes.NewBuffer(jsonValue),
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

package org.example;

import okhttp3.*;
import org.json.JSONObject;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("source", "ENTER_SOURCE_HERE");
        jsonObject.put("url", "https://example.com");
        jsonObject.put("geo_location", "United States");
        jsonObject.put("callback_url", "https://your.callback.url");

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        var body = RequestBody.create(jsonObject.toString(), mediaType);
        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries")
                .post(body)
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const body = {
  source: 'ENTER_SOURCE_HERE',
  url: 'https://www.example.com',
  geo_location: 'United States',
  callback_url: 'https://your.callback.url',
};
const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries', {
  method: 'post',
  body: JSON.stringify(body),
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

API 将返回一个包含任务信息的 JSON，类似如下：

{
  "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
  "client_id": 5,
  "context": [
    {
      "key": "results_language",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "safe_search",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "tbm",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "cr",
      "value": null
    },
    {
      "key": "filter",
      "value": null
    }
  ],
  "created_at": "2024-06-26 00:00:01",
  "geo_location": "United States",
  "id": "12345678900987654321",
  "limit": 10,
  "locale": null,
  "pages": 1,
  "parse": false,
  "render": null,
  "url": "https://www.example.com",
  "source": "universal",
  "start_page": 1,
  "status": "pending",
  "storage_type": "s3",
  "storage_url": "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME/12345678900987654321.json",
  "subdomain": "www",
  "updated_at": "2024-06-26 00:00:01",
  "user_agent_type": "desktop",
  "_links": [
    {
      "rel": "self",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321",
      "method": "GET"
    },
    {
      "rel": "results",
      "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
      "method": "GET"
    }
  ]
}

数据字典

有关任务输入参数的详细说明，请参阅下表，或查看你感兴趣的抓取器对应的具体文档页面。

键

说明

类型

created_at

任务创建时间。

字符串

client_id

与发起请求的客户端用户名关联的数字 ID。

字符串

client_notes

客户端在发送任务时提交的备注。

字符串

content_encoding

如果你正在下载图片，请添加此参数。了解更多此处.

字符串

ID

任务的唯一 ID。

字符串

状态

抓取或解析任务的状态代码。你可以查看这里描述的状态代码此处.

整数

status

任务状态。 pending 表示任务仍在处理中。 done 表示我们已完成任务。 faulted 表示在尝试完成任务时遇到错误，并已放弃。

字符串

subdomain

网站的子域。

字符串

updated_at

任务最后更新时间。对于已完成的任务（status 为 done 或 faulted），此时间表示任务完成时间。

字符串

链接

与所提供输入相关的链接列表。

JSON 数组

链接:rel

链接类型。 self URL 包含任务的元数据，而 结果 URL 包含任务结果。

字符串

链接:href

资源的 URL。

字符串

链接:method

与给定 URL 交互时应使用的 HTTP 方法。

字符串

回调

回调是一个 POST 我们发送到你机器上的请求，用于通知数据提取任务已完成，并提供一个用于下载抓取内容的 URL。这意味着你不需要 手动检查任务状态 。一旦数据到达，我们会通知你，你现在只需要 检索它.

输入

# 这是一个简单的 Sanic Web 服务器，带有一个监听 localhost:8080 回调的路由。
# 它会将任务结果打印到 stdout。
import requests
from pprint import pprint
from sanic import Sanic, response


AUTH_TUPLE = ('user', 'pass1')

app = Sanic()


# 定义接受 POST 请求的 /job_listener 端点。
@app.route('/job_listener', methods=['POST'])
async def job_listener(request):
    try:
        res = request.json
        links = res.get('_links', [])
        for link in links:
            if link['rel'] == 'results':
                # Sanic 是异步的，但 requests 是同步的，要充分
                # 利用 Sanic，请使用 aiohttp。
                res_response = requests.request(
                    method='GET',
                    url=link['href'],
                    auth=AUTH_TUPLE,
                )
                pprint(res_response.json())
                break
    except Exception as e:
        print("Listener exception: {}".format(e))
    return response.json(status=200, body={'status': 'ok'})


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080)

<?php
$stdout = fopen('php://stdout', 'w');

if (isset($_POST)) {
    $result = array_merge($_POST, (array) json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input')));

    $ch = curl_init();

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/".$result['id'].'/results');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    fwrite($stdout, $result);

    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
    }
    curl_close ($ch);
}
?>

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;

namespace OxyApiWeb
{
    public class Callback
    {
        public Link[] _links { get; set; }
    }

    public class Link
    {
        public string rel { get; set; }
        public string href { get; set; }
    }

    public class Startup
    {
        private const string USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
        private const string PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;

            client = new HttpClient();
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        private HttpClient client;

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapPost("/job_listener", async context =>
                {
                    var callback = await System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync<Callback>(context.Request.Body);

                    foreach (var link in callback._links)
                    {
                        if (link.rel != "results")
                        {
                            continue;
                        }

                        var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, new Uri(link.href));

                        var authenticationString = $"{USERNAME}:{PASSWORD}";
                        var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
                        requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

                        var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
                        var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

                        Console.WriteLine(contents);

                    }

                    var okMessage = new Dictionary<string, string>()
                    {
                        { "message", "ok" }
                    };

                    await System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(context.Response.Body, okMessage);
                });
            });
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

type Callback struct {
	Links []Link `json:"_links"`
}

type Link struct {
	Href string `json:"href"`
	Method string `json:"method"`
	Rel string `json:"rel"`
}

func main() {
	echoServer := echo.New()
	client := &http.Client{}

	echoServer.POST("/job_listener", func(context echo.Context) error {
		callback := new(Callback)
		if err := context.Bind(callback); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		for _, link := range callback.Links {
			if link.Rel != "results" {
				continue
			}

			request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
				link.Href,
				nil,
			)

			request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
			request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
			response, _ := client.Do(request)

			responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
			fmt.Println(string(responseText))
		}
		return context.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string { "status": "ok" })
	})

	echoServer.Logger.Fatal(echoServer.Start(":8080"))
}

package org.example;

import okhttp3.*;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        HttpServer server = null;
        try {
            server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0", 8080), 0);
        } catch (IOException exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        server.createContext("/job_listener", exchange -> {
            var requestBody = IOUtils.toString(exchange.getRequestBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            JSONObject requestJson = new JSONObject(requestBody);
            JSONArray links = requestJson.getJSONArray("_links");
            for (var link : links.toList()) {
                var linkMap = (Map<?, ?>)link;
                if (!Objects.equals(linkMap.get("rel"), "results")) {
                    continue;
                }

                var request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url((String) linkMap.get("href"))
                        .get()
                        .build();

                try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
                    assert response.body() != null;
                    System.out.println(response.body().string());
                } catch (Exception exception) {
                    System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
                }
            }

            var responseJson = new JSONObject();
            responseJson.put("status", "ok");
            exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, responseJson.toString().length());

            OutputStream responseBody = exchange.getResponseBody();
            responseBody.write(responseJson.toString().getBytes());
            responseBody.flush();
            responseBody.close();

            exchange.close();
        });
        server.setExecutor(null);
        server.start();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import express from 'express'
import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';

const app = express();
app.use(express.json());

app.post('/job_listener', async(request, response) => {
  for (const index in request.body._links) {
    const link = request.body._links[index];
    if (link.rel !== 'results') {
      continue;
    }

    const jobResultResponse = await fetch(link.href, {
      method: 'get',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
      }
    });

    console.log(await jobResultResponse.json());
  }

  response.send({status: 'ok'});
});

app.listen(8080);

输出

{  
   "created_at":"2019-10-01 00:00:01",
   "updated_at":"2019-10-01 00:00:15",
   "locale":null,
   "client_id":163,
   "user_agent_type":"desktop",
   "source":"google_shopping_search",
   "pages":1,
   "subdomain":"www",
   "status":"done",
   "start_page":1,
   "parse":0,
   "render":null,
   "priority":0,
   "ttl":0,
   "origin":"api",
   "persist":true,
   "id":"12345678900987654321",
   "callback_url":"http://your.callback.url/",
   "query":"adidas",
   "limit":10,
   "geo_location":null,
   {...}
   "_links":[
      {  
         "href":"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321",
         "method":"GET",
         "rel":"self"
      },
      {  
         "href":"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
         "method":"GET",
         "rel":"results"
      }
   ],
}

检查任务状态

如果你在提交任务时提供了有效的回调 URL，我们会在完成后通过向 JSON 发送有效负载到指定的回调 URL 来通知你。该有效负载会表明任务已完成，其状态已设置为 done.

但是，如果你提交任务时没有使用 回调服务，你可以手动检查任务状态。从任务提交后收到的响应消息的 href 字段中的 rel:self 部分取回 URL。检查任务状态的 URL 将类似于以下内容： http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321。查询此 URL 将返回任务信息，包括其当前 status.

端点

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{id}

输入

curl --user "user:pass1" \
'http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321'

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# 从 stats 端点获取响应。
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# 将格式化后的 JSON 响应打印到 stdout。
pprint(response.json())

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Json;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string JobId = "12345678900987654321";
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, $"/v1/queries/{JobId}");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const JobId = "12345678900987654321"
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		fmt.Sprintf("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s", JobId),
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

package org.example;

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    private static final String JOB_ID = "12345678900987654321";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(String.format("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s", JOB_ID))
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const jobId = '12345678900987654321';
const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch(`https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/${jobId}`, {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

任务完成后，API 将以 JSON 格式返回查询信息。任务状态将变为 done，表示任务已结束。你可以通过查询提供的某个链接来检索内容。此外，响应还将包含任务最后更新的时间戳，方便你跟踪处理时间。

{
    "client_id": 5,
    "context": [
        {
            "key": "results_language",
            "value": null
        },
        {
            "key": "safe_search",
            "value": null
        },
        {
            "key": "tbm",
            "value": null
        },
        {
            "key": "cr",
            "value": null
        },
        {
            "key": "filter",
            "value": null
        }
    ],
    "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
    "geo_location": null,
    "id": "7173957294344910849",
    "limit": 10,
    "locale": null,
    "pages": 1,
    "parse": false,
    "render": null,
    "query": "adidas",
    "source": "google_shopping_search",
    "start_page": 1,
    "status": "done",
    "subdomain": "www",
    "updated_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:15",
    "user_agent_type": "desktop",
    "_links": [
        {
            "rel": "self",
            "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849",
            "method": "GET"
        },
        {
            "rel": "results",
            "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849/results",
            "method": "GET"
        },
        {
            "rel": "results-html",
            "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849/results?type=raw",
            "method": "GET"
        },
        {
            "rel": "results-parsed",
            "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849/results?type=parsed",
            "method": "GET"
        },
        {
            "rel": "results-parsed",
            "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849/results?type=png",
            "method": "GET"
        }
    ]
}

状态值

参数

说明

pending

任务仍在处理，尚未完成。

done

任务已完成。你可以通过查询中提供的 URL 获取结果 href 下的 rel:results 部分，例如： http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results.

faulted

任务出现问题，我们无法完成。你无需为任何 faulted 任务付费。

检索任务内容

任务准备好检索后，你可以使用响应中 rel:results 部分提供的 URL。该 URL 如下所示： http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/7173957294344910849/results.

端点

你可以使用以下端点检索不同类型的结果：

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=raw

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=parsed

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=png

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=xhr

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=markdown

你也可以检索多个结果类型并在单个响应中返回，例如：

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/{job_id}/results?type=parsed,raw

输入

下面是演示如何使用 /results 端点的代码示例：

curl --user "user:pass1" \
'http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results'

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# 从 stats 端点获取响应。
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# 将格式化后的 JSON 响应打印到 stdout。
pprint(response.json())

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string JobId = "12345678900987654321";
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, $"/v1/queries/{JobId}/results");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const JobId = "12345678900987654321"
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		fmt.Sprintf("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s/results", JobId),
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

package org.example;

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    private static final String JOB_ID = "12345678900987654321";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(String.format("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/%s/results", JOB_ID))
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const jobId = '12345678900987654321';
const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch(`https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/${jobId}/results`, {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

此表说明了基于 API 请求负载中包含的标头，默认和其他可用的结果类型。

渲染参数

解析参数

XHR 参数

默认输出

可用输出

html

html

html

html

true

xhr

html, xhr

html

true

parsed

html, xhr, parsed

png

png

html, png

true

parsed

html, parsed

html

true

parsed

html, parsed

png

true

png

html, parsed, png

下面是 /results 端点的代码示例：

{
  "results": [
    {
      "content": "<!doctype html><html>
        CONTENT      
      </html>",
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "updated_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:15",
      "page": 1,
      "url": "https://www.google.com/search?q=adidas&hl=en&gl=US",
      "job_id": "12345678900987654321",
      "status_code": 200
    }
  ]
}

你可以通过设置回调服务，无需定期检查任务状态即可自动检索结果。为此，在提交任务时，请指定一个能够接收传入 HTTP(S) 请求的服务器 URL。当我们的系统完成任务后，它将 POST 一个 JSON 负载发送到提供的 URL，而 Callback 服务将按 Callback 实现示例.

批量查询

Scraper APIs 支持在单个批量请求中提交最多 5,000 个 query 或 url 参数值。

Batch 请求当前 不支持 用于 chatgpt 和 perplexity 来源。

端点

POST https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch

系统会将每个 query 或 url 提交的内容作为单独任务处理。如果你提供 callback URL，则每个关键词都会收到单独回调。否则，我们的初始响应将包含所有关键词的任务 ID。例如，如果你发送了 50 个关键词，我们将返回 50 个唯一的任务 ID。

重要： 使用 /batch 端点时，你只能提交 query或 url参数值列表（取决于你使用的 source ）。所有其他参数都应使用单个值。

输入

你需要将查询参数作为 JSON 负载提交。以下是提交批量任务的方法：

curl --user "user:pass1" \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '@keywords.json'

import requests
import json
from pprint import pprint


# 从文件中获取负载。
with open('keywords.json', 'r') as f:
    payload = json.loads(f.read())

response = requests.request(
    'POST',
    'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
    json=payload,
)

# 打印格式化响应。
pprint(response.json())

<?php

$paramsFile = file_get_contents(realpath("keywords.json"));
$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $paramsFile);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$headers = array();
$headers[] = "Content-Type: application/json";
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";


            var content = File.ReadAllText(@"C:\path\to\keywords.json");
                
            var client = new HttpClient();

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch"));
            requestMessage.Content = new StringContent(content, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");


            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	content, err := os.ReadFile("keywords.json")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("POST",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch",
		bytes.NewBuffer(content),
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

import okhttp3.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Path filePath = Path.of("/path/to/keywords.json");
        String jsonContent = null;
        try {
            jsonContent = Files.readString(filePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        var body = RequestBody.create(jsonContent, mediaType);
        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch")
                .post(body)
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import fetch from 'node-fetch';
import fs from 'fs'

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';

const payload = fs.readFileSync('keywords.json').toString();

const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/batch', {
  method: 'post',
  body: payload,
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

你可能注意到，上面的代码示例没有说明 JSON 负载应如何格式化，并指向了一个预先制作好的 JSON 文件。下面是 keywords.json 文件内容，其中包含多个 query 参数值：

{  
   "query":[  
      "adidas",
      "nike",
      "reebok"
   ],
   "source": "google_shopping_search",
   "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url"
}

……下面是一个 keywords.json 批量输入文件，其中包含多个 URL：

{  
   "url":[  
      "https://example.com/url1.html",
      "https://example.com/url2.html",
      "https://example.com/url3.html"
   ],
   "source": "universal",
   "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url"
}

输出

API 将返回一个 JSON 对象，其中包含每个已创建任务的任务信息。响应将类似于这样：

{
  "queries": [
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "id": "12345678900987654321",
      {...}
      "query": "adidas",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
      {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678900987654321/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "id": "12345678901234567890",
      {...}
      "query": "nike",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
      {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/12345678901234567890/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "callback_url": "https://your.callback.url",
      {...}
      "created_at": "2019-10-01 00:00:01",
      "id": "01234567899876543210",
	  {...}
      "query": "reebok",
      "source": "google_shopping_search",
	  {...}
          "rel": "results",
          "href": "http://data.oxylabs.io/v1/queries/01234567899876543210/results",
          "method": "GET"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

获取 Notifier IP 地址列表

你可能希望将向你发送回调消息的 IP 加入白名单，或者出于其他目的获取这些 IP 的列表。你可以通过 GET此端点来完成：

端点

GET https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips

输入

下面的代码示例展示了如何访问 /callbacker_ips 端点的代码示例：

curl --user "user:pass1" \
'https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips'

import requests
from pprint import pprint

# 从 callback IP 端点获取响应。
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips',
    auth=('user', 'pass1'),
)

# 将格式化后的 JSON 响应打印到 stdout。
pprint(response.json())

<?php

$ch = curl_init();

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "GET");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "user" . ":" . "pass1");

$result = curl_exec($ch);
echo $result;

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'Error:' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close ($ch);
?>

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OxyApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main()
        {
            const string Username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
            const string Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

            var client = new HttpClient();

            Uri baseUri = new Uri("https://data.oxylabs.io");
            client.BaseAddress = baseUri;

            var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "/v1/info/callbacker_ips");

            var authenticationString = $"{Username}:{Password}";
            var base64EncodedAuthenticationString = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authenticationString));
            requestMessage.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64EncodedAuthenticationString);

            var response = await client.SendAsync(requestMessage);
            var contents = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            Console.WriteLine(contents);
        }
    }
}

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	const Username = "YOUR_USERNAME"
	const Password = "YOUR_PASSWORD"

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, _ := http.NewRequest("GET",
		"https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips",
		nil,
	)

	request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json")
	request.SetBasicAuth(Username, Password)
	response, _ := client.Do(request)

	responseText, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(responseText))
}

package org.example;

import okhttp3.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String USERNAME = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public static final String PASSWORD = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

    public void run() {
        Authenticator authenticator = (route, response) -> {
            String credential = Credentials.basic(USERNAME, PASSWORD);

            return response
                    .request()
                    .newBuilder()
                    .header(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, credential)
                    .build();
        };

        var client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .authenticator(authenticator)
                .build();

        var request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips")
                .get()
                .build();

        try (var response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            assert response.body() != null;
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception.getMessage());
        }

        System.exit(0);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Main()).start();
    }
}

import fetch from 'node-fetch';

const username = 'YOUR_USERNAME';
const password = 'YOUR_PASSWORD';
const response = await fetch('https://data.oxylabs.io/v1/info/callbacker_ips', {
  method: 'get',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString('base64'),
  }
});

console.log(await response.json());

输出

API 将返回向你的系统发起回调请求的 IP 列表：

{
    "ips": [
        "x.x.x.x",
        "y.y.y.y"
    ]
}

任务管家

任务管家是一项可用于安排周期性抓取任务的服务。

它扩展了 Push-Pull 集成的功能，最好与 Cloud integration 功能一起使用。

访问此页面了解如何使用任务管家功能：

任务管家

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